Common Web Application Vulnerabilities

The following is an extensive library of security solutions, articles and guides that are meant to be helpful and informative resources on a range of Web vulnerability types, including, but not limited to, Cross-Site Scripting, SQL injection, CSRF injection and insufficient transport layer weaknesses. Web application vulnerabilities are some of the most common flaws leading to modern data breaches. 

Application Vulnerabilities - Software system flaws or weaknesses in an application that could be exploited to compromise the security of the application.

Buffer Overflow - Buffer Overflows occur when there is more data in a buffer than it can handle, causing data to overflow into adjacent storage.

Credentials Management - A credentials management attack attempts to breach username/password pairs and take control of user accounts.

CRLF Injection - CRLF Injection attacks refer to the special character elements "Carriage Return" and "Line Feed." Exploits occur when an attacker is able to inject a CRLF sequence into an HTTP stream. 

Cross-Site Request Forgery - Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) is a malicious attack that tricks the user’s web browser to perform undesired actions so that they appear as if an authorized user is performing those actions.

Cross-Site Scripting - XSS vulnerabilities target scripts embedded in a page that are executed on the client-side (in the user’s web browser) rather than on the server-side. 

Directory Traversal - Directory traversal is a type of HTTP exploit that is used by attackers to gain unauthorized access to restricted directories and files.

Encapsulation - Encapsulation refers to a programming approach that revolves around data and functions contained, or encapsulated, within a set of operating instructions.

Error Handling - Error Handling vulnerabilities occur when a system reveals detailed error messages or codes generated from stack traces, database dumps, and a wide variety of other problems, including out of memory, null pointer exceptions, and network timeout errors.

Failure to Restrict URL Access - One of the common vulnerabilities listed on the Open Web Application Security Project’s (OWASP) Top 10. The OWASP Top 10 details the most critical vulnerabilities in web applications. 

Insecure Cryptographic Storage - Insecure Cryptographic Storage is a common vulnerability that occurs when sensitive data is not stored securely from internal users. 

Insufficient Transport Layer Protection - Insufficient transport layer protection is a security weakness caused by applications not taking any measures to protect network traffic. 

LDAP Injection - LDAP injection is the technique of exploiting web applications that use client-supplied data in LDAP statements without first stripping potentially harmful characters from the request. 

Malicious Code - Analysis tools are designed to uncover any code in any part of a software system or script that is intended to cause undesired effects, security breaches or damage to a system. 

OS Command Injection - Command injection refers to a class of critical application vulnerabilities involving dynamically generated content. Attackers execute arbitrary commands on a host operating system using a vulnerable application.

Race Condition - A race condition attack happens when a computing system that’s designed to handle tasks in a specific sequence is forced to perform two or more operations simultaneously.

SQL Injection - SQL injection is a type of web application security vulnerability in which an attacker is able to submit a database SQL command, which is executed by a web application, exposing the back-end database.